Nafkah Anak Yatim dan Anak Terlantar Perspektif Al-Qur'an: Analisis Komparatif Tafsir Al-Munir dan Shafwat at-Tafasir terhadap Tanggung Jawab Sosial Kolektif Umat
Abstract
Abstrak
Fenomena meningkatnya jumlah anak yatim dan anak terlantar di berbagai negara Muslim, termasuk Indonesia, menimbulkan persoalan serius datam konteks tanggung jawab sosial dan keadilan distribusi ekonomi Islam Meskipun Al-Qur'an menegaskan pentingnya perlindungan terhadap anak yatim, pemaknaan tentang tanggung jawab nafkah sering kali masih terbatas pada ranah keluarga. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji secara komparate konsep nafkah bagi anak yatim dan anak terlantar dalam dua tafsir kontemporer, Tafsir al-Munir karya Wahbah az-Zuhaili dan Shafwat at-Tafasirkarya Muhammad Ali Ash-Shabuni. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tafsir tematik (maudhu?) dan analisis komparatif terhadap ayat-ayat nafkah sosial Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kedua mufasir sepakat mengenai kewajiban kolektif (fard kifayah) umat dalam memenuhi hak nafkah anak yatim dan anak terlantar, meskipun berbeda dalam orientasi: az-Zuhaili menekankan
aspek fighi-sosial, sedangkan Ash-Shabuni menonjolkan a spek moral spiritual. Penelitian ini berkontribusi memperluas pemahaman nafkah sebagai tanggung jawab sosial kolektif umat yang berorientasi pada maqasid asy-syariah, khususnya dalam konteks keadilan sosial dan kebijakan perlindungan anak.
Kata kunci: nafkah anak yatim, tanggung jawab sosial kolektif, tafsir al-Munir, Shafwat at-Tafasır, maqasid asy-syariah
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